作者: x90417 (physicboy) 站內: Talk
標題: Re: [問題] 環狀塞車試驗
時間: 2010/06/22 Tue 15:42:34
這影片之前有看過,但是當時找不到文章可以看
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13402
The mathematical theory behind these so-called "shockwave" jams was developed
more than 15 years ago using models that show jams appear from nowhere on
roads carrying their maximum capacity of free-flowing traffic - typically
triggered by a single driver slowing down.
數學理論推測當交通流量到達最大時,會出現(from nowhere)塞車,
通常是由一名駕駛太慢導致
After that first vehicle brakes, the driver behind must also slow, and a
shockwave jam of bunching cars appears, travelling backwards through the
traffic.
在第一台車慢下來之後,後面的車也必須慢下來,所以"震波"就出現了,
The theory has frequently been modelled in computer simulations, and seems to
fit with observations of real traffic, but has never been recreated
experimentally until now.
之前都是電腦模擬,這是第一次實地實驗,
They asked drivers to cruise steadily at 30 kilometres per hour, and at first
the traffic moved freely. But small fluctuations soon appeared in distances
between cars, breaking down the free flow, until finally a cluster of several
vehicles was forced to stop completely for a moment.
實驗者要求駕駛穩以30km/hr穩定行駛,
一開始車流動的很流暢,但是小小的波動很快造成車輛間的距離,
破壞原本流暢的車流,到後來,有些車慢到甚至要停下來
That cluster spread backwards through the traffic like a shockwave. Every
time a vehicle at the front of the cluster was able to escape at up to 40
km/h, another vehicle joined the back of the jam.
震波在車流之間來回波動;每當有一台車從塞車中脫離,就有另一台車加到車陣當中
The shockwave jam travelled backwards through the ring of vehicles at roughly
20 km/h, which is the same as the speed of the shockwave jams observed on
roads in real life, says lead researcher Yuki Sugiyama, a physicist in the
department of complex systems at Nagoya University.
這個實驗觀測到的震波速度大約是20km/hr,跟現實生活觀測到的一樣
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看到覺得很有趣,英文翻的不好請多包涵^ ^
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╭┼ Origin: 玩車人的天地 ˙東吳機研站 scumotor.com.tw ┼╯ Author: x90417從 61.60.254.7 發表
→ INAR推：傳說的路隊長蝴蝶效應 XDDDD 10/06/22
→ ChungSen推：才剛看完文章XD 感謝 10/06/22
→ slkuo629推：我記得的說法是手風琴效應 加速時 後面的車要踩更多油門 10/06/22
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