關於操控~~~ | 東吳機研站數位典藏

作者: Dionysus (記錄組正式啟動～) 看板: HsinChu_Moto 標題: 關於操控~~~ 時間: 東吳機研站 Wed Sep 3 14:57:54 2003 先講這篇文章有點點長~~需要耐心看~~ (好嘛～～是很長啦～～沒興趣的直接跳過吧～～）最近逛到road safe版又出現週期性的逆操舵問題～～～還有人提供了許多好文章連結於是昨天晚上閒著把連結裡面的一段文章翻譯了一下貼在這邊先講本篇文章最後我寫了一些看來有點傷人的話但因為是在新竹版發表而我看road safe回應相關文章的人沒有在這邊出現過所以我就直接寫了不負責任阿～～～ Excellence is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, determined effort, and skilled execution. The gem cannot be polished without friction, nor man perfected without trials. hinese proverb e 出類拔萃絕非無心之作，高超的技術必定是三種因素的混和體：高度專注、果決的動作、以及嫻熟的技術表現。沒有失敗與練習，就沒有完美的演出。 COUNTERSTEERING: THE CENSORED SECRET 操舵技術-充滿爭議的密技 All truth passes through three stages. First, it is ridiculed. Second, it is violently opposed. Third, it is accepted as being self evident. rthur Schopenhauer 所有的真理，在被接受之前都會經過三個階段：首先，所有人都覺得這是個屁，接著，被激烈的反對著，最後，真理不證自明的被接受。 The mysterious secret of how to gain control of a leaning motorcycle is called countersteering." As the name implies, a rider is required to steer in the opposite direction as might be presumed (at least part of the time during a typical cornering maneuver). This is needed in order to get the bike to perform the trick of leaning into the curve of the road. This is how a bike is "balanced." Although motorcycle racers are paid millions of dollars a year for their knowledge of countersteering, this same technique is also required for every street rider. 所謂的神秘的逆操舵技術，指的是控制一輛正在傾斜中機車的技術。就如同"逆操舵" 這個名稱所提示的，逆這個字已經表明，車手需要將龍頭轉到常識中認為行進方向的相反方向。這個操作技術在騎乘中是必須的，是為了將機車順向傾斜到彎道中（比如右彎中的右傾角度）。而順向傾斜是機車之所以能在彎中保持平衡的原因所在。這個逆操舵的技術，除了職業賽車手需要學習之外，一般的民眾也該認識它。 Steering left to turn left will only make the bike lean (tip over) to the right. It is impossible to steer a bike like a car. (While riding around a curve, try turning into the turn and see what happens. If you enjoy excitement, you're going to love this experiment, assuming you survive, of course.) Although it is possible to slowly follow most curves of the road without consciously countersteering (by performing what I call "pseudo- countersteering"), the ability to turn quickly will give a rider more options to work with and provide a greater margin of safetye is in total control of his machine. Ignorance of countersteering is the root of all fear of motorcycles. 首先要明白一點，機車與汽車不同，對於一輛機車來說，因為要左轉而將龍頭轉往左側，只會使得機車向右傾斜，而無法順利轉彎。（如果你喜歡刺激的話，可以試試看在彎道中將機車轉向彎道方向，如左彎時左轉龍頭，當然，假設在這之後你還活著的話，神保佑你～～！）。當然在許多慢速行駛的彎道上，騎士可以不需要有意識的做逆操舵動作，也能慢速順利過彎（我稱為"無意識但有動作的逆操舵"）。但是快速確實的逆操舵動作可以給予同一騎士更多的動作空間與騎乘安全保障。對於逆操舵技術的忽略，是所有對於機車騎乘恐懼感的根源。 Unfortunately for millions of citizens, reverse psychology is at work here: the motorcycle rider must steer towards dangerowards the outside of a curve, or towards a vehicle blocking the roadather than away from it. Actually, he initially steers towards the obstacle to force the bike to lean, then rapidly steers (leans) away from the hazard. Obviously, an uneducated rider is not going to suddenly figure this out during his one second of panic. 不幸地，對於一般民眾而言，不正確的物理概念在此阻礙了騎乘想法："逆操舵的話，要將龍頭轉向危險的地方"，"要將龍頭轉向彎道外側ㄟ，怎麼轉彎？"，"要將龍頭轉向檔在路上的汽車ㄟ，好害怕喔，不是應該轉向遠離汽車那邊嗎？"，等等諸如此類的念頭不斷浮現。事實上，這樣的作法（逆操舵）將使得機車快速地朝向遠離危險的方向傾斜，保護騎士安全。而一般民眾可能在認為可以避開危險卻發生意外後，還搞不清楚發生了什麼事情。 All the more reason to make sure that people become aware of the facts. The government is apparently afraid of this little word, and like the "theory" of evolution, countersteering is treated like a bastard theory (or at least a bastard word), unworthy of instruction to those under the government's influence. (Geologists must use knowledge of evolution in order to find underground oceans of oil, and motorcyclists must use knowledge of countersteering to find their way out of emergency situations.) This government censorship has deadly consequences. There is no reason to be afraid of a simple word, and much to be gained by overcoming such fear of the English language. The purpose of teaching countersteering is not to prove anyone "wrong," but to give a rider the ammunition he requires to handle an emergency situationnd all normal situationsithout crashing out-of-control. 這是與技術無關的文字，主要宣稱因為政府的無能與怕事，不對全國民眾宣導逆操舵的安駕概念，有興趣的自己看^_^。（這裡的全國是指作者的國家不是台灣） Keith Code, who has trained thousands of motorcycle riders and racers all over the world through his California Superbike School, and author of A Twist of the Wrist and Twist of the Wrist IIhe Basics of High-Performance Motorcycle Riding, pioneered the formal teaching of the most effective riding techniques available today. His methods help his motorsports students cut an average of seven seconds off their lap timeshat's the difference between last and first place. That cannot be done without proper instruction in vehicle control. Most of his techniques apply equally well to normal highway driving, and especially during emergency maneuvers. Rather than paraphrase, I'll let you "hear" an excellent explanation of countersteering from a coach of world champions. Regarding one of Code's techniques that applies to safe riding on the highway, in 1983 he wrote: 這也是，講到KC這位偉大的車手與教練，如何擁護與宣揚逆操舵。 "Steering. . . happens backwards. Many riders have learned to steer a motorcycle without understanding the process. . . . "Steering is simple enoughou push the bars in the opposite direction of the direction you wish to travel. That begins the turn, and the bike leans as it turns. Deliberately turning the bars in the opposite direction of travel is known as counter steering. . . . To go right you must turn the bars to the lefto go left, turn the bars to the right. Counter steering is the only way you can direct a motorcycle to steer accurately. . . . In essence, motorcycle steering is backwards from most other forms of transportation. An automobile goes in the direction you turn the wheel, as do most other forms of transportation. "轉向這件事情很簡單，整件事是這樣的：你將龍頭推向彎道的反方向，然後一切就開始了，機車開始傾斜，同時轉向。仔細小心地將龍頭推向相反方向就是我們一直在說的逆操舵。如果要右轉，就必須要左操舵，如果要左轉，就要右操舵。就是這樣。逆操舵是轉彎的唯一方法。而就本質上來說，機車的轉向方式，與其他大多數的運輸交通工具不同。以汽車來說，如果汽車要右轉，那就要將方向盤轉向右邊。" ". . . . One problem we have in learning to ride stems from a cruel trick played on us by our parents. They gave us a tricycle to pedal around. A tricycle turns in the direction you steer it. When we rode a bicycle for the first time, we fell down, and everyone said it was because we didn't have good balance. Actually, it was because bicycles also counter steer. "我們對於逆操舵會有偏差的看法，完全是來自於一個殘忍的把戲，而且是父母造成的。他們給了我們一輛三輪車，而三輪車的轉向方式與汽車相同，要右轉就轉向右邊。於是，當我們第一次騎上兩輪腳踏車時，我們就跌倒了，然後就如同每個人在孩提時代會聽到的，每個人都說這是沒抓到平衡感，而事實上，這是因為兩輪腳踏車同樣也需要逆操舵來控制。 "Balance had nothing to do with it! The confusion is caused because the child expects the bike to go right when he turns to the right. Eventually, out of sheer survival instincts, he goes through the steering motions without understanding them and winds up on a motorcycle 15 years later not knowing what he has been doing to go around turns. 平衡感在轉向這檔子事上沒扮演啥角色，而這個令人費解的跌倒，是來自於小孩子騎三輪車時，右轉打右舵的習知經驗所致。然後，由於自然的動物直覺，我們在腳踏車上自然學會了轉向動作，但也因如此，不瞭解其動作原理。直到15年後第一次騎上機車仍然有著錯誤的觀念。 ". . . . Most riders, in an emergency, try to turn the bike in the direction they want to go. . . . I have known people who who have ridden for 30 years without having to face an emergency situation. Then, one day a car pulls out in front of them. They try to avoid it but the bike won't do what they want it to. So they get scared and quit riding. They realize that the control they thought was thereasn't." 大部分的機車騎士，在緊急狀況中，會將龍頭轉向他們想要前進的方向，…接著舉了一個遇到前方障礙又轉向錯誤的例子。＝＝> 值得注意的是，機車如果要轉彎，車頭最終還是要朝著彎道方向，而這究竟與逆操舵有何關連？有沒有矛盾？上路吧！找個無人的地方練習練習就會瞭解了。我之前利用husky體會的轉向變化與操作，使用在NSR上面差點把我嚇死～～靈活度差好多，嬉皮車軸距長歸長，前叉角度也大，但穩定性就好多了～～～接下來會有些傷人，純粹是個人主觀，再次聲明由於兩個版的出沒人不同，而且針對這幾天的回應文章，沒在新竹版看到這些人，所以寫一寫。不喜歡的人請自動將不爽的部分略去。總之大部分的逆操舵文章講的就跟上面差不多，所以我就沒再翻譯了，接下來還有些過彎的基本理論概念，喜歡的人可以看看，而我在road safety版上看到幾個人講來講去，老實說，真的下去騎比較重要，講得一口好車固然不錯，但不是我的style。看到一篇說到"如果可以"把機車吊起來空轉勒～～如果真的能夠模擬，機車不只會傾斜，還會旋轉哩～～說什麼不會轉彎勒～～阿前輪沒有動力吊起來是不是要找個人來轉前輪.. 騎士想技術是很好，但是想歸想，真正能夠實踐還是在車上，邊做邊想，邊想邊做，這才是我認為的王道.... -- 光明的戰士踏破灰靄而出持著智慧的長劍劈開黑閻雖然沒有六翼天使路西法的桀傲不馴但有一絲榮譽的光芒從盔縫中竄出從幽暗中復出，為正義而戰！ -- ※From: 東吳機研 scumotor.com.tw Dionysus From itrifw.itri.org.tw ... 一個玩車人的天地/各車系專屬區/GP SBK TIS賽事討論區/進口車討論區/